Expand the EBS root volume of EC2 Linux instance

1. Modify the EBS Volume from the console https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/
2. Use the `lsblk` command to list the block devices attached to the instance
    ```
$ lsblk
NAME    MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
xvda    202:0    0   30G  0 disk
`-xvda1 202:1    0    8G  0 part /
loop0     7:0    0   91M  1 loop /snap/core/6405
loop1     7:1    0 87.9M  1 loop /snap/core/5742
loop2     7:2    0 17.9M  1 loop /snap/amazon-ssm-agent/1068
loop3     7:3    0 16.5M  1 loop /snap/amazon-ssm-agent/784
loop4     7:4    0   18M  1 loop /snap/amazon-ssm-agent/930
    ```

3. Use the `df -h` command to report the existing disk space usage on the file system
    ```
$ sudo df -h /dev/xvd*
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev            488M     0  488M   0% /dev
/dev/xvda1      7.7G  7.4G  370M  96% /
    ```

4. Expand the modified partition using `growpart`
    ```
$ sudo growpart /dev/xvda 1
CHANGED: partition=1 start=2048 old: size=16775135 end=16777183 new: size=62912479,end=62914527
    ```

```
$ lsblk
NAME    MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
xvda    202:0    0   30G  0 disk
`-xvda1 202:1    0   30G  0 part /
loop0     7:0    0   91M  1 loop /snap/core/6405
loop1     7:1    0 87.9M  1 loop /snap/core/5742
loop2     7:2    0 17.9M  1 loop /snap/amazon-ssm-agent/1068
loop3     7:3    0 16.5M  1 loop /snap/amazon-ssm-agent/784
loop4     7:4    0   18M  1 loop /snap/amazon-ssm-agent/930
    ```

5. Use the `file -s` command to list the file system data for the device 
    ```
$ sudo file -s /dev/xvd*
/dev/xvda:  DOS/MBR boot sector
/dev/xvda1: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data, UUID=96950bba-70e8-4a4b-9d78-d2bc1c767e04, volume name "cloudimg-rootfs" (needs journal recovery) (extents) (large files) (huge files)
    ```

6. For a Linux ext2, ext3, or ext4 file system, use the following command to resize each file system to the new volume capacity
    ```
$ sudo resize2fs /dev/xvda1
resize2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
Filesystem at /dev/xvda1 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 2
The filesystem on /dev/xvda1 is now 7864059 (4k) blocks long.
    ```

```
$ df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev            488M     0  488M   0% /dev
tmpfs           100M  3.3M   96M   4% /run
/dev/xvda1       30G  7.4G   22G  26% /
tmpfs           496M     0  496M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs           496M     0  496M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop0       91M   91M     0 100% /snap/core/6405
/dev/loop1       88M   88M     0 100% /snap/core/5742
/dev/loop2       18M   18M     0 100% /snap/amazon-ssm-agent/1068
/dev/loop3       17M   17M     0 100% /snap/amazon-ssm-agent/784
/dev/loop4       18M   18M     0 100% /snap/amazon-ssm-agent/930
tmpfs           100M     0  100M   0% /run/user/1001
    ```